AWEJ for Translation & Literary Studies, Volume 6, Number2.  May 2022                           Pp.176 -188
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24093/awejtls/vol6no2.13

Full Paper PDF

A Marxist Reading of Lorraine Hansberry’s a Raisin in the Sun (1959) 

Ohood Alaqeel
Department of English, Faculty of Arts and Humanities
Aljouf University. Aljouf, Saudi Arabia
Email: osaqeel@ju.edu.sa


Received:  1/22/2022              Accepted: 5/15/2022               Published: 5/24/2022

 

Abstract:
This article investigates the political and social background of Lorraine Hansberry’s A Raisin in the Sun through the lens of Marxist theory. By asserting the thought that above all her commitments, Hansberry was devoted to the struggle for the progress of the human race. However, she recognized that this struggle had to be made according to the specific terms dictated by the time and country in which one lived. Her actions and writings left little doubt about what kinds of the stand she wanted her fellow humans to take in America in her day. The main question this article investigates is: How does Hansberry who is known to be Marxist in her views on life and art, employ this symbolic play to tackle the social concerns from the standpoint of her ideology? To argue this point from a Marxist point of view, this study pays more attention to Hansberry’s battle with the ideology of the dominant class in the United States and provides many quotes by Hansberry that demonstrate this argument. Consequently, the importance of this article is that it theorizes an alternative account of modernity and attempts to mount an operational critique against modernity and modernization.
Keywords: A Raisin in the Sun, African American literature, African American women, American Literature, Black feminism, Black power, civil rights, Lorraine Hansberry, Marxism materialism, slavery, Pan-Africanism, oppression, women

Cite as:  Alaqeel, O.  (2022). A Marxist Reading of Lorraine Hansberry’s a Raisin in the Sun (1959). Arab World English Journal for Translation & Literary Studies 6 (2) 176 -188.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24093/awejtls/vol6no2.13

Reference

Abramson, Doris E. (1969).  Negro Playwrights in the American Theatre 1925–1959. New York: Columbia University Press. 335. Print.

Ann, J. H. (2004). ” There was a whole lot of grayness here”: Modernity, geography and” home” in Black women’s literature, 1919-1959.

Barry, P. (1995). Beginning theory: An introduction to literary and cultural theory. Manchester university press. Print.

Bernstein, R. (1999). Inventing a Fishbowl: White Supremacy and the Critical Reception of Lorraine Hansberry’s A Raisin in the Sun. Modern Drama, 42(1), 16-27.

Bigsby, C. W. E. (1967). Confrontation and Commitment: A Study of Contemporary American Drama, 1959-1966. MacGibbon & Kee.

Brown, L. W. (1974). Lorraine Hansberry as Ironist: A Reappraisal of a Raisin in the Sun. Journal of Black Studies4(3), 237-247.

Busia, A. Words Whispered Over Voids: A Context for Black Rebellious Voices in the Novel of the African Diaspora. Studies in Black American Literature. Ed. Joe Weixelmann and Houston A. Baker, Jr3.

Carlson, M. A. (1993). Theories of the Theatre: A Historical and Critical Survey from the Greeks to the Present. Cornell University Press.

Carter, S. R. (1980). Commitment amid complexity: Lorraine Hansberry’s life in action. Melus7 (3), 39-53.

Conyers, J. L. (2015). Black Lives: Essays in African American Biography: Essays in African American Biography. Routledge.

Fisch, A. (Ed.). (2007). The Cambridge Companion to the African American slave narrative. Cambridge University Press.

Gates, H., & Nellie, M. (1997). African American Literature. New York: W.

Gomez, J. L. (1990). Lorraine Hansberry: Uncommon Warrior. Reading Black, Reading Feminist: A Critical Anthology, 307-317.

Goodman, L. (2003). Contemporary feminist theatres: to each her own. Routledge.

Harper, F. E. W. (1990). A brighter coming day: A Frances Ellen Watkins Harper reader. Feminist Press at CUNY.

Higashida, C. (2008). To Be (come) Young, Gay, and Black: Lorraine Hansberry’s Existentialist Routes to Anticolonialism. American Quarterly60(4), 899-924.

Hughes, Langston. (2010) “The Negro Artist and the Racial Mountain”. ed. Leitch, Vincent B.  The Norton Anthology of Theory and Criticism. 2nd ed. New York: W. W. Norton. Print.

Hughes, L., Rampersad, A., & Roessel, D. E. (1995). The collected poems of Langston Hughes.

Jeffries, D.(2013). Black Feminine Identity: An Examination of Historical and Contemporary Dramatic Texts Through a Critical Race Theory Framework. (Master’s thesis). Retrieved from https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/etd/1851

King, D. (2015). From ecological crisis to utopian hope: Kim Stanley Robinson’s Science in the Capital trilogy as realist critical dystopia. Extrapolation.56(2), 195.

Kolin, P. C. (2007). Introduction: The struggles and triumphs of staging gender and race in contemporary African American playwrights. Na.

Matthews, K. L. (2008). The Politics of “Home” in Lorraine Hansberry’s A Raisin in the Sun. Modern Drama51(4), 556-578.

Nemiroff, Robert. (1995). To be young, gifted, and Black: Lorraine Hansberry in her own words. New York :Vintage Books,

Scheader, C. (1998). Lorraine Hansberry: Playwright and Voice of Justice. Enslow Pub Incorporated.

Schilb, E. J., & Clifford, J. (2015). Making Literature Matter: An Anthology for Readers and writers.

Stubbs, M. F. (1990). Lorraine Hansberry and Lillian Hellman: a comparison of social and political issues in their plays and screen adaptations. Indiana University.

Sutton, G. (2012). Theme Analysis: Lorraine Hansberry’s” A Raisin in the Sun”. GRIN Verlag.

Szeman, I. (2009). Marxist literary criticism, then and now. Mediations24(2).

Tuhkanen, M. (2010). The American Optic: Psychoanalysis, critical race theory, and Richard Wright. SUNY Press.

Washington, R. L. (1983). The relationship between the white critic and the Black theatre from 1959-1969. The University of Michigan.

Wiener, G. (Ed.). (2011). Gender in Lorraine Hansberry’s A Raisin in the Sun. Greenhaven Publishing LLC.

Facebook
Twitter
LinkedIn
Tumblr
Reddit
Email
StumbleUpon
Digg
Received: 1/22/2022 
Accepted: 5/15/2022
Published: 5/24/2022
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2961-8552
http://dx.doi.org/10.24093/awejtls/vol6no2.13

Ohood Al-Aqeel :is currently a member of teaching staff at the Department of English, Arts College, Al-Jouf University, Saudi Arabia. She holds a PhD in Drama from the University of Exeter. Most of her academic interests and research activities (MA, PhD, and publications) revolve around American literature and theatre, and the drama of the Saudi female playwrights.
ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2961-8552